Study Explores 'Poppers Dermatitis' From Recreational Drugs

Exposure to the chemicals in recreational drugs known as “poppers” could cause dermatitis, George Washington University researchers said in a press release about a study published in the Journal of the Drugs and Dermatology.

Poppers are often used by gay men for their euphoric effects, particularly in social and sexual contexts, the release said. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advises consumers not to purchase or use poppers because these products can lead to numerous adverse health effects. Poppers contain nitrites, which are chemical substances that the FDA says should not be used unless specified or prescribed by a health care professional.

The George Washington study outlines the "poppers dermatitis" symptoms seen in 13 case reports with 14 patients, including redness of the skin, small fluid-like blisters, and severe itching. These symptoms occurred in areas of the skin that were exposed to the potential irritant or allergen—in this case, poppers. Research also found, according to the press release, that the condition can increase the risk of developing a concurrent bacterial skin infection, which would change the way it is treated.

"Our findings reveal a critical gap in knowledge surrounding the dermatological risks of poppers,” said Practical Dermatology Editorial Board members and senior researcher Adam Friedman, Chair of the Department of Dermatology at the GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences. “As these substances gain traction in certain communities, it’s vital for both users and healthcare professionals to be informed about the potential for dermatitis and other adverse effects."

Vincent Pecora, lead author and medical student at the GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences noted that both patients and providers may be unaware of the adverse effects of poppers due to a lack of education as well as societal stigmatization of these drugs as being used by sexually promiscuous gay men.

“Understanding the risks is essential for protecting your health,” Pecora said. 

The study calls for further research into the mechanisms behind poppers dermatitis and highlights the importance of preventive measures and education for individuals who use these substances.